Business Intelligence - System and Technologies

Explain each system and include the features, advantages and disadvantages. Identify in which level does it operate. Provide diagram where necessary.

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

• It is an information processing system for business transaction that involves the collection, modification, and retrieval of transaction data
• Characteristics, include performance, reliability, and consistency
• Example: Credit card transactions

Characteristics:

• Reliability 

Failure rates must be low

If failure occurs, the recovery must be quick

• Controlled processing

Support the organization's operations

TPS should maintain the requirements of the roles and responsibility's operation

Management Information System (MIS)

• It is a computer system consists of hardware and software serves as the backbone of an organization's operation
• Gathers and collect data from multiple online systems, analyzes information, and reports the data to aid in the management decision making

Features:

• Flexible

Should allow to analyze and evaluate the data from the multiple sources as needed 

• Easy to use

• Collaborative

Using MIS should facilitate the communication between managers and staff throughout the organization

• Versatile

Should be able to support the different skills and knowledge

Decision Support Systems (DSS)

• It is a computer program application that analyzes the business data and presents it for the users that can make business decision easily
• An informational application 
• May present the information graphically and may include an expert system or artificial intelligence (AI)
• Aimed at business executives or some other group of knowledge workers.
• Example: Process loan application

Characteristics:

• Designed to facilitate decision processes
• Should support automate decision making
• Should be able to respond fast to the changing the need to decision makers

1. Facilitation. DSS facilitate and support specific decision-making activities and/or decision processes.



2. Interaction. DSS are computer-based systems designed for interactive use by decision makers or staff users who control the sequence of interaction and the operations performed.



3. Ancillary. DSS can support decision makers at any level in an organization. They are NOT intended to replace decision makers.



4. Repeated Use. DSS are intended for repeated use. A specific DSS may be used routinely or used as needed for ad hoc decision support tasks.



5. Task-oriented. DSS provide specific capabilities that support one or more tasks related to decision-making, including: intelligence and data analysis; identification and design of alternatives; choice among alternatives; and decision implementation.



6. Identifiable. DSS may be independent systems that collect or replicate data from other information systems OR subsystems of a larger, more integrated information system.



7. Decision Impact. DSS are intended to improve the accuracy, timeliness, quality and overall effectiveness of a specific decision or a set of related decisions.

Expert Systems (ES)

• It is a computer program designed to emulate and mimic the human intelligence, skills or behavior. 
• Developed by using artificial intelligence concepts, tools, and technologies, and possess expert knowledge in a specific field, topic, or skill.

Characteristics:

• Good reliability - must be as reliable as a human expert
• Understandable - able to explain the steps of reasoning while executing. Should have an explanation capability that is similar to the ability of human experts

 



References:

Techopedia.com. (2019). What is a Transaction Process System (TPS)? - Definition from Techopedia. [online] Available at: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/707/transaction-process-system-tps [Accessed 4 Nov. 2019].

Coursehero.com. (2019). Advantages and Disadvantages Transaction Processing System TPS Advantages Batch | Course Hero . [online] Available at: https://www.coursehero.com/file/p25bp0d/Advantages-and-Disadvantages-Transaction-Processing-System-TPS-Advantages-Batch/ [Accessed 4 Nov. 2019].

Shopify. (2019). Management Information Systems (MIS) Definition - What is Management Information Systems (MIS). [online] Available at: https://www.shopify.com/encyclopedia/management-information-systems-mis [Accessed 4 Nov. 2019].

SearchCIO. (2019). What is decision support system (DSS)? - Definition from WhatIs.com. [online] Available at: https://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/decision-support-system [Accessed 4 Nov. 2019].

Techopedia.com. (2019). What is an Expert System? - Definition from Techopedia. [online] Available at: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/613/expert-system [Accessed 7 Nov. 2019].

Guru99.com. (2019). Types of Information System: TPS, DSS & Pyramid Diagram. [online] Available at: https://www.guru99.com/mis-types-information-system.html [Accessed 7 Nov. 2019].

Sites.google.com. (2019). 1. Characteristics of transaction processing systems - Transaction&processingsystems. [online] Available at: https://sites.google.com/site/transactionprocessingsystems/1-characteristics-of-transaction-processing-systems [Accessed 7 Nov. 2019].

Bizfluent.com. (2019). [online] Available at: https://bizfluent.com/info-8024187-management-information-system-features.html [Accessed 7 Nov. 2019].

Daniel J. Power, P. (2019). Ask Dan! about DSS - What are characteristics of a decision support system?. [online] Dssresources.com. Available at: http://dssresources.com/faq/index.php?action=artikel&id=13 [Accessed 7 Nov. 2019].

System, C. (2019). Characteristics of an Expert System. [online] BrainKart. Available at: https://www.brainkart.com/article/Characteristics-of-an-Expert-System_8929/ [Accessed 7 Nov. 2019].