Network Model

Activity
Research network models: OSI Model and TCP/IP. Provide the following:

• Describe the purpose of each model
• Diagram
• Describe each layer of both model
• Identify the protocols for each layer

OSI Model

• It is an Open Systems Interconnection model
• The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems open to interconnection and communication with other systems.
• There are seven (7) layers:
• Application - the layer in which is the closest to the end user. Any application that work in this layer are the ones that users interact directly. Examples: Web browser (Google Chrome)
• Presentation - it is the area that is independent of data representation at the application layer. It represents the preparation of application format to network format. 
• Session - it involve setup, coordination and termination between the application at each of the session
• Transport - it deals with the data transfer between end systems and hosts. 
• Network - it responsible for packet forwarding. 
• Data Link - this layer provides node-to-node data transfer and it also handles error correction from the physical layer
• Physical - this includes the cable type, radio frequency link. When there is a networking problem occurs, they will check at the physical layer to check that all of the cables are connected properly and the power plug is not pulled from the router, switch or computer.

TCP/IP

• It is Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol
• It is a network model that is used in the current Internet architecture
• There are four (4) layers:
• Application - it is the top of the protocol stack. It allows peer entities to carry conversation. 
• Transport - the data transmission can be in parallel or in a single path
• Internet - it is the layer which holds the whole architecture. It also helps the packet to travel independently to reach its destination. The protocol used in this layer is the Internet Protocol. 
• Network Access Layer - it is the lowest layer. The protocol is used to connect to the host so the packet can be sent

References:

Techopedia.com. (2018). What is the OSI Model? - Definition from Techopedia. [online] Available at: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24205/open-systems-interconnection-model-osi-model [Accessed 25 Apr. 2018].

Shaw, K. (2018). The OSI model explained: How to understand (and remember) the 7 layer network model . [online] Network World. Available at: https://www.networkworld.com/article/3239677/lan-wan/the-osi-model-explained-how-to-understand-and-remember-the-7-layer-network-model.html [Accessed 24 Apr. 2018].

Remoteutilities.com. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.remoteutilities.com/images/blog/osi-model.jpg [Accessed 25 Apr. 2018].

Studytonight.com. (2018). Introduction to TCP/IP Reference Model | Studytonight. [online] Available at: https://www.studytonight.com/computer-networks/tcp-ip-reference-model [Accessed 25 Apr. 2018].